dots logo Chapter 12 - Urinary System

  1. Fill in the responsibility for: filtration __________, reabsorption __________, secretion __________.
    1. proximal tubule, renal corpuscle, distal tubule
    2. distal tubule, proximal tubule, renal corpuscle
    3. renal corpuscle, proximal tubule, distal tubule
    4. proximal tubule, distal tubule, renal corpuscle
  2. Which are not hormone regulated (aldosterone and ADH)?
    1. collecting system
    2. proximal convoluted tubule
    3. distal convoluted tubule
  3. The region where the two ureters and the urethra meet is called the __________.
    1. rugae
    2. trigone
    3. detrusor
  4. Which part of the nephron and collection system employs active transport?
    1. distal convoluted tubule
    2. nephron loop
    3. proximal convoluted tubule
    4. papillary duct
    5. collecting duct
    6. renal cropuscle
  5. In which part of the nephron and collection system does most water reabsorption take place?
    1. renal cropuscle
    2. proximal convoluted tubule
    3. nephron loop
    4. collecting duct
    5. distal convoluted tubule
    6. papillary duct
  6. Place urine production in order of how it travels.
    1. renal pyramid → minor calyx → major calyx → renal pelvis → ureter
    2. renal pyramid → major calyx → minor calyx → renal pelvis → ureter
    3. renal pelvis → minor calyx → major calyx → renal pyramid → ureter
    4. renal pelvis → major calyx → minor calyx → renal pyramid → ureter
  7. Which statement about the juxtaglomerular complex is false?
    1. juxtaglomerular cells, in the afferent arteries, secrete renin
    2. not involved in the hormonal regulation of blood pressure
    3. macula densa cells, in the distal tubule, function as chemoreceptors and baroreceptors
    4. mesangial cells provide feedback control between macula densa and juxtaglomerular cells
  8. Which of he following statements about the kidneys is false?
    1. each kidney has an adrenal gland on top
    2. highly vascular
    3. right kidney is slightly superior to left kidney
    4. located between vertebrea T12 and L3
  9. Which regions are parts of the retroperitoneal kidneys not located in?
    1. lumbar
    2. epigastric
    3. hypochondriac
  10. Under normal circumstances, metabolic waste eliminated by the urinary system include all but:
    1. creatinine, from the breakdown of creatine phosphate from muscle contractions
    2. uric acid, formed during recycling of nitrogenous bases from RNA molecules
    3. glucose, proteins, and amino acids
    4. urea, from the breakdown of amino acids
  11. Which layer of the filtration membrane prevents the passage of blood cells?
    1. fenestrated endothelium
    2. foot processes of podocyes
    3. basement membrane
  12. Which of the following is false?
    1. GFR = (NHP - BCOP)
    2. NHP = (GHP - CsHP)
    3. glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP) tends to draw material out of the plasma
    4. blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) tends to push material into the plasma
    5. capsular hydrostatic pressure (CsHP) tends to push material into the plasma
    6. NFP = (NHP - BCOP)
  13. Which statements is false? Remember pH less than 7 is acidic, pH greater than 7 is alkaline (basic).
    1. exhaustive muscle activity can cause lactic acidosis (low blood pH)
    2. starvation and diabetes mellitus can cause ketoacidosis (low blood pH)
    3. prolonged aldosterone stimulation can cause alkalosis (high blood pH)
    4. normal average blood pH is 2
  14. Which region are the retroperitoneal adrenal glands located in?
    1. lumbar
    2. epigastric
    3. hypochondriac
  15. The thin descending limb of the nephron loop reabsorbs water, and the thick ascending loop reabsorbs sodium and chloride ions.
    1. true
    2. false
  16. Which layer of the filtration membrane does not prevent the passage of plasma proteins?
    1. basement membrane
    2. foot processes of podocyes
    3. fenestrated endothelium
  17. The removal of waste from body fluids is called __________, and the discharge of waste out of the body is called __________?
    1. elimination, excretion
    2. filtration, excretion
    3. excretion, elimination
    4. filtration, elimination
  18. Order the veins from a nephron.
    1. renal → segmental → interlobar → arcuate → cortical radiate → afferent
    2. venule → cortical radiate → interlobar → arcuate → renal
    3. renal → segmental → arcuate → interlobar → cortical radiate → afferent
    4. venule → cortical radiate → arcuate → interlobar → renal
  19. Which pathway involving angiotensin II and GFR homeostasis isn't accurate?
    1. angiotensin II → aldosterone → increased sodium retention → increased blood volume
    2. angiotensin II → nervous system → parasympathetic activation → increased cardiac output
    3. angiotensin II → nervous system → increased thirst/ADH production → increased blood volume
    4. juxtaglomerular → renin → angiotensin I → lungs → angiotensin II → adrenal glands → aldosterone
  20. Order the arteries to a nephron.
    1. renal → segmental → interlobar → arcuate → cortical radiate → afferent
    2. venule → cortical radiate → interlobar → arcuate → renal
    3. venule → cortical radiate → arcuate → interlobar → renal
    4. renal → segmental → arcuate → interlobar → cortical radiate → afferent
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