dots logo Chapter 7 - Endocrine System

  1. Endocrine communication can be described as:
    1. release of chemicals that are transported in bloodstream
    2. exchange of ions and molecules between adjacent cells across gap junctions
    3. chemical signals transfer information from cell to cell within a single tissue
    4. messages affect the same cells that secrete them
  2. Which secrets melatonin?
    1. hypothalamus
    2. pituitary gland
    3. parathyroid glands
    4. thyroid gland
    5. adrenal glands
    6. pancreas
    7. pineal gland
  3. Which hormone does the thyroid gland not produce?
    1. thyroxine (T4)
    2. triiodothyronine (T3)
    3. calcitonin
    4. calcitriol
  4. Which hormone is not produced by the pituitary gland (also known as the hypophysis)?
    1. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
    2. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
    3. growth hormone (GH)
    4. prolactin (PRL)
    5. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
    6. luteinizing hormone (LH)
    7. melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
    8. oxytocin (OXT)
    9. antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
    10. progesterone & testosterone & estrogens & inhibin
  5. There are __________ parathyroid glands and they are on the __________ surface of the thyroid glands?
    1. 2, anterior
    2. 2, posterior
    3. 4, anterior
    4. 4, posterior
  6. Which section of the adrenal glands produce epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE)?
    1. adrenal medulla
    2. adrenal cortex, zona glomerulosa
    3. adrenal cortex, zona fasciculata
    4. adrenal cortex, zona reticularis
  7. Which section of the adrenal glands produce androgens?
    1. adrenal medulla
    2. adrenal cortex, zona glomerulosa
    3. adrenal cortex, zona fasciculata
    4. adrenal cortex, zona reticularis
  8. Which section of the adrenal glands produce mineralocorticoids (like aldosterone)?
    1. adrenal medulla
    2. adrenal cortex, zona glomerulosa
    3. adrenal cortex, zona fasciculata
    4. adrenal cortex, zona reticularis
  9. Which section of the adrenal glands produce glucocorticoids (like cortisol)?
    1. adrenal medulla
    2. adrenal cortex, zona glomerulosa
    3. adrenal cortex, zona fasciculata
    4. adrenal cortex, zona reticularis
  10. Melatonin:
    1. influences circadian rhythms
    2. inhibits reproductive functions
    3. does all of these
    4. protect against damage from free radicals
  11. Match the correct pancreatic/Langerhans cells:
    1. Alpha (α) cells produce glucagon, Beta (β) cells produce insulin
    2. Alpha (α) cells produce insulin, Beta (β) cells produce glucagon
    3. Delta (δ) cells produce insulin, Beta (β) cells produce glucagon
    4. Alpha (α) cells produce insulin, Delta (δ) cells produce glucagon
  12. When blood glucose levels increase __________ is secreted, and when glucose level decrease __________ is secreted.
    1. insulin, glucagon
    2. glucagon, insulin
  13. The most common type of diabetes, associated with obesity, where insulin still produced but there is insulin resistance is called?
    1. type 2 diabetes mellitus
    2. type 1 diabetes mellitus
  14. Increased aldosterone production causes the kidneys to retain __________, which __________ blood volume and blood pressure.
    1. sodium, increases
    2. potassium, increases
    3. sodium, decreases
    4. potassium, decreases
  15. Increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH) production causes the kidneys to retain __________, which __________ blood volume and blood pressure.
    1. water, increases
    2. sodium, increases
    3. sodium, decreases
    4. water, decreases
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